X20Cr13

STANDARDEN 10088-2 / -3FORMBar, plateASTM420UNSS42000JISSUS 420J1

Martensitic stainless steel with 13% chromium. Hardened by quenching and tempering; used in valves for wear-exposed parts such as stems, hardened balls and seats.

Rp0.2 · MPa: ≥ 500
Rm · MPa: 700–850
TEMPERATURE: −20 … +400 °C
COST

Representative sample of 1.4021: machined top face and rolled side — REPRESENTATIVE IMAGE

Chemical composition

C0.16–0.25

Si≤ 1.00

Mn≤ 1.50

P≤ 0.040

S≤ 0.015

Cr12.0–14.0

Cast analysis, %. S: ≤ 0.015 in plate, ≤ 0.030 in bar.

Mechanical properties

STANDARD · CONDITION	Rp0.2 MPa	Rp1.0 MPa	Rm MPa	A %	KV J
EN 10088-3 · bar +A (HB ≤ 230)	—	—	≤ 760	—	—
EN 10088-3 · bar +QT700, t ≤ 160 mm	500	—	700–850	13	25
EN 10088-3 · bar +QT800, t ≤ 160 mm	600	—	800–950	12	20

Service temperature

−20 °C+400 °C−200−1000100200300400500600700800

Proof strength values are given up to 400 °C. Martensitic structure: toughness drops at low temperature. A trim material (stem, disc).

This is the limit of the material itself. A valve's service temperature is usually set by the seal and seat materials; product pages give it for each seal option.

Physical properties and heat treatment

DENSITY: 7.7 kg/dm³
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY (20 °C): 215 GPa
THERMAL EXPANSION (20–100 °C): 10.5 × 10⁻⁶ /K
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (20 °C): 30 W/m·K
SPECIFIC HEAT (20 °C): 460 J/kg·K
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY: 0.60 µΩ·m
MAGNETISM: magnetic
HEAT TREATMENT: Soft annealing (+A), or quenching + tempering (+QT700 / +QT800).

Media suitability GENERAL TREND

Fresh water

Seawater

Steam

Hydrocarbons, oil

Dilute acid

Caustic

Air, gas

Low temperature

Emsal assessment. The final choice is made from corrosion tables, taking concentration, temperature, chloride content and flow velocity into account.

Strengths and weaknesses

Strengths

High hardness and wear resistance through heat treatment
Economical stainless steel
Good machinability (annealed)

Weaknesses

Lower corrosion resistance than austenitic grades
Poor weldability
Brittle at low temperature

Manufacturing and use

ECONOMY: Low; contains no nickel.
MANUFACTURING METHODS: Turning from bar + heat treatment · Grinding
TYPICAL VALVE PARTS: Stem · Ball (hardened) · Seat · Pin

Used in 6 Emsal products

Source: EN 10088-2 / -3. Values compiled and verified by Emsal Vana; for binding values, refer to the current edition of the standard and the material certificate.